BOHR International Journal of Neurology and Neuroscience

An extensive analysis of various neural models and neuromorphic engineering

2025-08-28T04:07:08+00:00

Neuromorphic engineering is becoming an important topic of research due to the paradigm shift from traditional computing architectures to data-driven, cognitive computing. Numerous studies on neuromorphic objects, circuits, and systems may be found in the literature. This paper aims to analyze current advances in neuromorphic engineering and related topics in order to recommend important avenues for future research. Developing new computing paradigms and guiding the development of a new generation of technologies that can combine the benefits of large-scale industrial electronics with the computational performance of brains requires an understanding of the computational principles used by the brain and how they are physically embodied. Given the increasing volumes of data and the pressing need for intelligent, flexible computing, our analysis suggests that neuromorphic engineering has a bright future.

Magnetic stimulation using microcoils: a skeptical review

2026-07-21T06:20:29+00:00

Recently several research groups have used sub-millimeter-sized microcoils to perform magnetic stimulation of nerves. This review assesses the magnitude of the electric field induced by these microcoils. In some cases magnetic stimulation is a plausible mechanism for neural excitation, but in other cases the induced electric field is far too small to excite a neuron. These results indicate that microcoil magnetic stimulation may not occur via magnetic stimulation but by some other mechanism. One alternative mechanism is capacitive coupling.

A cylindrical endoport and self-retaining port-holder: technical advances in Neurosurgery (a brief technical report)

2026-01-27T12:49:56+00:00

Tubular ports are commonly used in endoscopic neurosurgical procedures. Studies have shown that by splitting and not disrupting fiber tracts, the neuroports can cause much less damage to the brain as compared to the one caused by blades of the conventional retraction systems. We describe here a transparent, soft, and flexible silastic tube that can be used as a neuroendoport successfully for removal of deep-seated brain tumors and hematomas. The self-retaining retractor system described in this report is safe and efficient to hold the endoport in position and is used in our department without any complication. More importantly, the system is indigenous and cheaper and is available in all neurosurgery departments.

Tripping in the dark, pigmented in the light: a case of insidious myelopathy unmasked by an antifolate in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis

2026-05-12T17:50:35+00:00

Introduction: We report an unusual case in which prominent cutaneous hyperpigmentation preceded a progressive myelopathy in a non-vegetarian patient with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) receiving long-term methotrexate (MTX) therapy—a combination that conspired to produce overt cobalamin deficiency through a shared disruption of one-carbon metabolism, despite concurrent folic acid supplementation.

Main symptoms and findings: A 64-year-old male presented with a one-year history of ascending paraesthesia and sensory ataxia, notably preceded by facial and acral hyperpigmentation. Examination revealed posterior column dysfunction and pyramidal signs, with bilateral mild hip flexor weakness. Macrocytic anemia and severely subnormal serum vitamin B12 (114 pg/mL) were confirmed. Serological screening (Venereal Disease Research Laboratory test [VDRL], HIV enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay [ELISA], hepatitis B surface antigen [HBsAg], and anti-hepatitis C virus [anti-HCV]) was negative. Spinal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated posterior column T2 hyperintensity from C6 to D7 with the characteristic inverted V sign on axial imaging.

Diagnosis, intervention, and outcome: Subacute combined degeneration (SCD) secondary to vitamin B12 deficiency was diagnosed. Parenteral hydroxocobalamin was commenced with significant neurological, hematological, and cutaneous improvement within 6 weeks.

Conclusion: Cutaneous hyperpigmentation is a clinically accessible early warning sign of cobalamin deficiency that predates neurological involvement and deserves active recognition. Folic acid supplementation does not prevent neurological injury from cobalamin deficiency. Routine B12 surveillance is essential in all patients on chronic MTX therapy.

A novel characteristic postural sign in alcoholic minor head injury patients – perspective from a peripheral tertiary trauma center

2026-08-13T06:35:05+00:00