Journal of Neurosurgery Academy

The Journal of Neurosurgery Academy is a double-anonymous peer-reviewed open access journal published by BOHR Publishers PVT LTD. The journal is committed to maintaining the highest standards of publication ethics and takes all possible measures against publication malpractice. All parties involved in the publication process, including authors, editors, reviewers, editorial board members, and the publisher are expected to adhere to the principles of integrity, transparency, accountability, and ethical conduct.

This policy is framed in accordance with the principles and recommendations of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) and internationally accepted standards of scholarly publishing.

Ethical Principles of Scholarly Publishing

The publication of peer-reviewed articles contributes to the advancement of scientific knowledge and evidence-based practice. Ethical publishing ensures the credibility of research findings, protects the integrity of the scholarly record, and promotes trust among researchers, practitioners, policymakers, and the public.

Responsibilities of Authors

Reporting Standards

Authors must present an accurate, honest, and transparent account of their work.

Originality and Plagiarism

Authors must ensure that submitted work is original and appropriately cites the work and ideas of others. Plagiarism in any form is unacceptable.

Data Integrity

Data fabrication, data falsification, image manipulation, and misleading reporting constitute serious ethical violations and are strictly prohibited.

Multiple, Redundant, or Concurrent Publication

Authors should not submit the same manuscript to more than one journal simultaneously or publish substantially similar work in multiple publications without appropriate disclosure and justification.

Authorship and Contributorship

Authorship should be limited to individuals who have made substantial contributions to the conception, design, execution, analysis, interpretation, drafting, or revision of the manuscript. All authors must approve the final version before submission and agree to be accountable for the work.

Individuals who contributed to the work but do not meet authorship criteria should be acknowledged appropriately.

Conflict of Interest Disclosure

Authors must disclose all financial, professional, institutional, or personal relationships that could influence the interpretation of their work. Sources of funding must be clearly identified.

Use of Artificial Intelligence Tools

Authors must disclose the use of artificial intelligence (AI) or AI-assisted technologies in manuscript preparation. AI tools cannot be listed as authors because they cannot assume responsibility for the work. Authors remain fully responsible for the accuracy, originality, and integrity of all submitted content.

Informed Consent 

Written informed consent should be obtained from the patient for publication of surgical procedures case report and accompanying images/videos.

Research Misconduct

The journal considers the following practices to constitute research misconduct:

• Plagiarism
• Data fabrication or falsification
• Image manipulation
• Duplicate or redundant publication
• Citation manipulation
• Undisclosed conflicts of interest
• Authorship misconduct
• Peer-review manipulation

Allegations of misconduct will be investigated fairly and confidentially. The journal may request explanations, supporting documentation, or institutional investigations when necessary.

Corrections, Retractions, Expressions of Concern and Removal of articles

The journal is committed to maintaining the integrity of the scholarly record.

When errors or ethical concerns are identified, the journal may publish:

• Corrections (Errata or Corrigenda)
• Expressions of Concern
• Retractions
• Removal of articles

Retraction notices will remain permanently linked to the original article and clearly state the reasons for retraction.

Appeals and Complaints

Authors may appeal editorial decisions by submitting a written appeal to the Editor-in-Chief.

Complaints regarding editorial processes, peer review, publication ethics, or journal management will be handled fairly, confidentially, and in accordance with established ethical procedures.

Responsibilities of Reviewers

Contribution to Editorial Decisions

Peer reviewers assist editors in making publication decisions and helps authors improve the quality of their manuscripts.

Promptness

Reviewers who feel unqualified to review a manuscript or cannot complete the review within the specified timeframe should promptly notify the editor and decline the invitation.

Confidentiality

Manuscripts received for review are confidential documents and must not be shared, discussed, or used for personal advantage.

Objectivity and Constructive Feedback

Reviews should be objective, evidence-based, and respectful. Personal criticism of authors should be avoided.

Acknowledgement of Sources

Reviewers should identify relevant published work not cited by the authors and alert editors to substantial similarities between the submitted manuscript and other published or submitted works.

Conflicts of Interest

Reviewers must disclose any potential conflicts of interest and decline review assignments where impartiality may be compromised.

Use of Artificial Intelligence

Reviewers should avoid uploading any manuscript content to AI services or external automated tools and write comments using their own expert reasoning and professional judgment.

Responsibilities of Editors

Publication Decisions

Editors are responsible for deciding which submitted manuscripts should be accepted, revised, or rejected. Decisions are based solely on the manuscript's originality, scientific merit, methodological rigor, relevance to the journal's scope, and significance to the scholarly community.

Fairness and Impartiality

Editors evaluate manuscripts without discrimination based on race, ethnicity, nationality, gender, age, religion, disability, sexual orientation, political beliefs, institutional affiliation, or other personal characteristics of the authors.

Confidentiality

Editors and editorial staff shall not disclose information regarding submitted manuscripts to anyone other than the corresponding author, reviewers, editorial advisers, and the publisher, as appropriate.

Conflicts of Interest

Editors must recuse themselves from handling manuscripts in which they have personal, professional, financial, or institutional conflicts of interest.

Misconduct of Investigations

Editors will take reasonable steps to identify and prevent the publication of manuscripts involving plagiarism, citation manipulation, data fabrication, data falsification, image manipulation, duplicate publication, authorship misconduct, or peer-review manipulation. Allegations of misconduct will be investigated in accordance with established ethical guidelines.

Use of Artificial Intelligence

Editors may use AI tools to support limited administrative or language-editing tasks, such as identifying potential peer reviewers or improving the clarity of editorial communications. AI must not be used to make editorial decisions or to generate the substantive content or rationale of editorial decision letters.

Editors must not upload or disclose confidential manuscript content, reviewer reports, reviewer identities, author correspondence, or any unpublished material to publicly available or unapproved AI tools.

Editors remain fully responsible and accountable for all editorial decisions, communications, and the accuracy, fairness, and integrity of the editorial process, regardless of any AI assistance. Any substantive use of AI during the editorial process should be disclosed to the Editors-in-Chief and managed in accordance with Journal of Neurosurgery Academy AI Policy and relevant guidance from the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE).

Responsibilities of Publisher

The publisher supports editorial independence and does not interfere with editorial decisions. The publisher works with editors to investigate ethical concerns and implement corrections, retractions, or other necessary actions when required.

Commitment to Ethical Publishing

Journal of Neurosurgery Academy is committed to upholding the highest standards of ethical publishing and safeguarding the integrity of the scholarly record through transparent editorial practices, rigorous peer review, and adherence to internationally recognized publication ethics principles.